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► Haryanaka Dynasty : 544 BC - 412 BC

☼ Bimbisara : 544 BC - 492 BC.

• Bimbisara was the founder of Haryanka dynasty.

• He ascended the throne in about 545 B.C.

☼ Rise of Magadha:-

• Ancient Magadha comprised of present patna and Gaya district of Bihar.

☼ Sixteen Mahajanapadas:-

Mahajanapada Period (600 BC - 325 BC)

☼ Sixteen Mahajanapadas:-

☼ Rise of Magadha:-

☼ Haryanaka Dynasty : 544 BC - 412 BC.

• Bimbisara (Shronika) : 544 BC - 492 BC.

• Ajatashatru (Kunika) : 492 BC - 460 BC.

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☼ Economy during the Later Vedic Period•

• Agriculture began to replacle rearing of cattle.

• The plough was at times drawn by 24 oxen. Uses of manure was known.

• Rice, barley, beans, sesame and wheat were cultivated.

☼ Religion during Later Vedic Period:

☼ Types of Hindu Marriage (Vivaha):

(i) Brahma Vivaha means giving the girl to a man with dowry.

(ii) Daiva Vivaha means giving the girl to the priest himself in lieu of his fees.

☼ Society during Later Vedic Period:

• As the time passed by Yajnas became elaborate and complicated ceremonial leading to the emergence of learned men known as Brahmanas.

☼ Polity during Later Vedic Period:

• Large kingdoms and stately cities made their appearance in the later vedic Peroid.

• In Taittariya Brahmana we notice the theory of the divine origin of kingship.

☼ Later Vedic Period [1000 BC - 600 BC] :

Geographical Area.

• During the later Vedic Period, the Aryan settlements covered virtually the whole of Northern India, the then called 'Aryavarta'.