☼ Location of The Indus Civilization
• The Indus Civilization was mainly spread over Sindh, Baluchistan, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western U.P and Northern Maharashtra.
• Historians generally believe that Harappa-Ghaggar-Mohenjodaro axis represents the heart land of the Indus Civilization.
• The Northern-most site of Indus Civilization —Ropar (Sutlej) / Punjab (Earlier); Manda (Chenab) / Jammu-Kashmir (Now).
• The Southern-most site of Indus Civilization—Bhagatrav (Kim) / Gujarat (Earlier); Daimabad (Pravara) / Maharashtra (Now).
• The Eastern-most site of Indus Civilization—Alamgirpur(Hindon) / Uttar Pradesh.
• The Western-most site of Indus Civilization—Sutkagendor (Dashk) / Makran Coast, Pakistan-Iran Border.
◘ Harappan site developed along the side of river Ravi, in the Montgomery district of western Punjab in Pakistan was excavated by Daya Ram Sahni (1921), Madho Swaroop Vatsa (1926), Wheeler (1946) .
◘ Mohenjodaro (Nakhlistan i.e Oasis of Sindh) developed in the valley of river Indus, in the Larkana district of Sindh in Pakistan was excavated by Rakhal Das Bannerji (1922), Mackay (1927), Wheeler (1930) .
◘ Chanhudaro developed in the valley of river Indus in the Nawabshah district of Sindh in Pakistan was excavated by Mackay (1925), N.G. Mazumdar(1931) .
◘ Lothal developed in the valley of river Bhogava in the Kathiyawar district of Gujarat in India was excavated by S.R. Rao (1954) .
◘ Kalibanga (i.e. the bangles of black colour) developed in the valley of river Ghaggar in the Hanumangarh district of Rajasthan in India was excavated by Amalanand Ghosh (1951), B.B.Lal and B.K. Thapar (1961).
◘ Banawali developed in the valley of river Ghaggar in the Hissar district of Haryana in India was excavated by R. S. Bist (1973).
◘ Dholavira developed in the valley of river Luni in the Kutchh district of Gujarat in India was excavated by J.P. Joshi (1967-68 ).
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