Gaseous state
Measurable properties of gases. Boyle’s Law and Charles Law, absolute scale of temperature, kinetic theory of gases, ideal gas equation – average, root mean square and most probable velocities and their relationship with temperature.
Dalton’s Law of partial pressure, Graham’s Law of gaseous diffusion. Deviations from ideal behavior. Liquefaction of gases, real gases, van der Waal’s equation; Numerical problems.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds
Hybridization of carbon δ and π-bonds.
Environmental Chemistry
Common modes of pollution of air, water and soil. Ozone layer, ozone hole – important chemical reactions.
Green House effect; Smog; Pollution of water by domestic and industrial effluents; Pollutants–pesticides, fertilizers and plastics.
Heavy Chemicals : Sulfuric acid (contact process), Ammonia (Haber’s process), Nitric acid (Ostwald’s process), sodium bi-carbonate and sodium carbonate (Solvey process).
Polymers, Polythene, Nylon-66, rubber from natural source, vulcanization.
Chemistry in Industry
Large scale production (including physicochemical principles where applicable omitting technical details and uses of individual items).
Chemistry of Metals :
General principles of metallurgy – occurrence, concentration of ores, production and purification of metals, mineral wealth of India.
