Nervous and Muscular system

Nervous and Muscular system : Brief outline of human brain structure.

Cranial Nerves : Distribution and Function.Spinal cord – Structure and major functions, Reflex arc (types) and reflex action : Conditional and unconditional reflexes.

Autonomic : sympathetic and parasympathetic (definition only) nervous system.

Synapse : Structure and mechanism of synaptic transmission.

Different types of muscles and their structure, properties of muscles
(i) Excitability (ii) Contractility (iii) All or none law (iv) Refractory period (v) Summation of stimuli (vi) Tetanus (vii) Rigor mortis; Machanism of muscle contraction.

3 views

Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Life

Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Life : Haldane and Oparin’s concept on origin of life. Modern concept of Natural selection, Biological Species concept.

Human evolution – An outline.

Mutation

Mutation – Definition and Types; Replication of DNA, Transcription and Translation (Brief idea).

Genetics

Genetics : Laws of Heredity : (Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; Mendel’s laws). Back cross, Test cross, Linkage, Crossing over, Sex linked inheritance – Colour blindness, Haemophilia.

Chromosomes and Cell Division

Chromosomes and Cell Division : Morphology of chromosomes; Euchromatin and Heterochromatin.
Nucleic acid as genetic material (Examples : Bacterial Transformation and Viral Transduction).

Enzymes

Enzymes : Definition & properties, Examples; Mechanism of Action, Allosterism and Regulation.