Φ= useful flux per pole in webers (Wb)
P= total number of poles
Z= total number of conducor in the armature
n= speed of rotation of armature in revolutions per second (r.p.s)
A= number of parallel paths though the armaure between brushes of opposite polarity
[tex]\frac{Z}{A}[/tex]= number of armature conductors in series for each parallel path
[tex]E = np\Phi \times \frac{Z}{A}[/tex]
[tex]E = \frac{{np\Phi Z}}{A}[/tex] --------------- (1)
Equation (1) is called e.m.f equation of a d.c machine.
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