From 6th Century BC to 4th Century BC various religious movements viz. Buddhism, Jainism etc.

Religious Movements (600 BC - 400 BC).

☼ Causes of Religious Movements:-

☼ Buddhism - Gautama Buddha's Life:-

• Macedonian Invasion— Alexander's Invasion (326 BC)•

► Foreign Invasions

☼ Iranian / Persian Invasion— Darius’s Invasion (516 BC).

☼ Nanda Dynasty : 344 BC - 323 BC.

☼ Shisunaga Dynasty : 412 BC - 344 BC.

► Haryanaka Dynasty : 544 BC - 412 BC

☼ Bimbisara : 544 BC - 492 BC.

☼ Rise of Magadha:-

• Ancient Magadha comprised of present patna and Gaya district of Bihar.

☼ Sixteen Mahajanapadas:-

Mahajanapada Period (600 BC - 325 BC)

☼ Sixteen Mahajanapadas:-

☼ Rise of Magadha:-

☼ Economy during the Later Vedic Period•

• Agriculture began to replacle rearing of cattle.

☼ Religion during Later Vedic Period:

☼ Types of Hindu Marriage (Vivaha):

(i) Brahma Vivaha means giving the girl to a man with dowry.

☼ Society during Later Vedic Period:

☼ Polity during Later Vedic Period:

• Large kingdoms and stately cities made their appearance in the later vedic Peroid.

☼ Later Vedic Period [1000 BC - 600 BC] :

Geographical Area.

☼ Economy during the Rig Vedic Period:

• The Aryans crossed the nomadic stage.

☼ Religion during the Rig Vedic Period:

☼ Society during the Rig Vedic Period:

☼ Polity during the Rig Vedic Period: