Aromatic Compounds
Benzene – Kekule structure, aromaticity and Hückel rule. Electrophilic substitution – halogenation, sulfonation, nitration, Friedel Crafts reaction, ozonolysis. Directive influence of substituents in monosubstituted benzenes. Amines – Preparation from reduction of nitro compounds; Formation of diazonium salts and their stability; Replacement of diazonium group with H, OH, X (halogen), CN and NO2, diazocoupling and reduction.
Growth, Reproduction, and Ageing :
A. In Plants :
Endocrine Ssystem and animal hormones :
Nervous and Muscular system : Brief outline of human brain structure.
Cranial Nerves : Distribution and Function.Spinal cord – Structure and major functions, Reflex arc (types) and reflex action : Conditional and unconditional reflexes.
Excretory System : Histology and function of the nephron (brief idea).
Normal and abnormal constituents of urine.
Metabolism : Definition; B.M.R.– Controlling factors; elementary idea of metabolic pathways; glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, Oxidation of fatty acids, Ketone body formation and its significance.
