WBCS Philosophy
Optional Paper
Index
| S/L | Chapters | Chapter Details |
| Paper 1 | ||
| Problems of Philosophy (European and Indian) | ||
| 1 | Plato and Aristotle | Ideas, Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality. |
| 2 | Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz) | Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Determinism and Freedom. |
| 3 | Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume) | Theory of Knowledge, Substance and Qualities, Self and God, Scepticism. |
| 4 | Kant | Possibility of Synthetic a priori judgments; Space and Time; Categories. |
| 5 | Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein | Defence of Common sense, Refutation of Idealism, Logical Atomism; Picture Theory of Meaning. |
| 6 | Logical Positivism | Verification Theory of Meaning, Rejection of Metaphysics. |
| 7 | Cârvâka | Theory of Knowledge, Metaphysics and Ethics. |
| 8 | Jainism | Anekântavâda, Saptabhanginaya. |
| 9 | Buddhism | Four Noble Truths, Pratîtyasamutpâda, Kşaņikavâda, Nairâtmyavâda. |
| 10 | Nyâya – Vaiśesika | Theory of Categories, Theory of Pramâna; Self; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. |
| 11 | Sâmkhya | Prakŗti; Puruşa; Causation; Theory of Evolution. |
| 12 | Yoga : Citta; Cittavŗtti. | |
| 13 | Mîmâmsâ : Epistemology; Theory of Validity. | |
| Vedânta : Views of Śamkara and Râmânuja on Brahman; Îśvara; Âtman; Jîva; Jagat; Mâyâ; Avidyâ; Adhyâsa. | ||
| Swâmi Vivekânanda : Practical Vedânta. | ||
| Sri Aurobindo : Evolution; Involution; Integral Yoga. | ||
| Rabindranath Tagore: Nature of Man; Surplus in Man. | ||
| Paper 2 | ||
| Socio – Political Philosophy and Psychology | ||
| 1 | Social and Political Ideals | Equality, Justice, Liberty: Views of Mill, Locke, Rawls. |
| 2 | Individual and State | Rights, Duties and Accountability |
| 3 | Political Ideologies | Anarchism, Marxism, Socialism and Democracy |
| 4 | Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism | |
| 5 | Social Change : Gandhi, Ambedkar. | |
| 6 | Mind – Body Problem | Dualism, Philosophical Behaviourism, Person Theory of Strawson. |
| 7 | Levels of Mind; Proofs for the existence of the unconscious; Freud’s theory of dream, citta, cittavŗtti (Yoga) | |
| Ethics and Philosophy of Religion | ||
| 8 | Standards of Morality | Utilitarianism (Bentham and Mill), Deontological Theories. |
| 9 | Virtue Ethics | Aristotle |
| 10 | Human Rights and Discrimination. | |
| 11 | Feminism | Liberal and Radical. |
| 12 | Environmental Ethics | Bio-centric ethics and Eco-centric ethics. |
| 13 | Theories of Punishment; Capital Punishment. | |
| 14 | Terrorism and Just war | |
| 15 | Indian Ethics | Puruşârtha, Concept of Liberation, Anuvrata and Mahâvrata (Jainism), Brahmavihâra (Buddhism). |
| 16 | Proofs for the existence of God | Descartes, St. Anselm, Naiyâyikas. |
| 17 | Religion without God, Religion and Morality | |
| 18 | Religious Pluralism. | |
| 19 | Nature of Religious Language | Cognitive and Non-cognitive, Analogical and Symbolic |
The standard of Philosophy Optional subjects will be approximately that of an Honours Degree Examination as prescribed by the recognized Indian Universities
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