Optics : Reflection and refraction at plane and spherical surfaces, total internal reflection, thin lenses, power of a lens, combination of lenses and mirrors, deviation and dispersion by prisms.
Simple and compound microscopes, astronomical telescope, human eye: defects and remedies.
Coherent sources, interference of light, Young’s double slit.
Halogen
Chemistry of Non-metallic Elements and their Compounds
Carbon – occurrence, isotopes, allotropes (graphite, diamond, fullerene); CO and CO2 production, properties and uses.
Ionic and Redox Equilibria
Physical Chemistry of Solutions
Colloidal Solutions – differences from true solutions; Hydrophobic and hydrophilic colloids (examples and uses); Coagulation and peptization of colloids; Dialysis and its applications; Brownian motion; Tyndall effect and its applications; Elementary idea of emulsion, surfactant and micelle.
Electrolytic Solutions – Specific conductance, equivalent conductance, ionic conductance, Kohlrausch’s law, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, applications. Numerical problems.
Chemical Energetics and Chemical Dynamics
Chemical Energetics – Conservation of energy principle, energy changes in physical and chemical transformations. First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat, pressure-volume work; Enthalpy.
