Introduction to Bio-Molecules
Carbohydrates – Pentoses and hexoses. Distinctive chemical reactions of glucose.
Aminoacids – glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, cysteine (structures). Zwitterion structures of amino acids, peptide bond.
ADP and ATP – structures and role in bioenergetics; Nucleic acids – DNA and RNA skeleton structures. Names of essential elements in biological system.
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Valence electrons, the Octet rule, electrovalent, covalent and coordinate covalent bonds with examples; Properties of electrovalent and covalent compounds. Limitations of Octet rule (examples); Fajan’s Rule.
Directionality of covalent bonds, shapes of poly-atomic molecules (examples); Concept of hybridization of atomic orbitals (qualitative pictorial approach) : sp, sp2, sp3 and dsp2.
The Periodic Table and Chemical Families
Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
Atomic Structure
Atoms, Molecules and Chemical Arithmetic :
