Enzymes

Virus and Bacteria : Morphological characteristics of Bacteriophage (T2),Plant virus (TMV);Animal virus (influenza), Bacterial cell (E. coli).

Staining : Gram staining for bacteria.

Environmental Pollution : Air, water and noise pollution – sources effects and probable control strategies; Biomagnification and Bioaccumulation. Cause of Dyslexia, Minamata and Etai etai diseases. Green house

Ecosystem : Concept of ecosystem and Biosphere, Wetland.
Brief idea of Ecological pyramids, Energy flow, Biogeochemical cycle (concept only).

Population Biology : Concept of population growth (logistic and exponential) and population control.

Concept of Biodiversity : Definition of Biodiversity ; Genetic diversity; Species diversity and Ecosystem diversity.