Strings কে সঠিক ভাবে ফরম্যাট করা ও ব্যবহার করা

CLASS 13 - Manipulating Strings

In the last hour's lesson you learned how to use arrays to collect variables of the same type. You also learned that a character string is actually a character array ended with a null character \0. In this lesson you'll learn more about strings and C functions that can be used to manipulate strings. The following topics are covered:

    Declaring a string
    The length of a string
    Copying strings
    Reading strings with scanf(
    The gets() and puts() functions




Summary

•     A string is a character array with a null character as the terminator at the last element.
•     A string constant is a series of characters enclosed by double quotes.
•     The C compiler automatically appends a null character to the array that has been initialized by a string constant.
•     You cannot assign a string constant to a dereferenced char pointer.
•     The strlen() function can be used to measure the length of a string. This function does not count the null character in the last element.
•     You can copy a string from one array to another by calling the C function strcpy().
•     The gets() function can be used to read a series of characters. This function stops reading when the newline character or end-of-file (EOF) is encountered. A null character is attached to the array that stores the characters automatically after the reading.
•     The puts() function sends all characters, except the null character, in a string to the stdout, and appends a newline character to the output.
•     You can read different data items with the scanf() function by using various format specifiers.